Software Quality Management 软件测试
Software Quality Management
This article gives an overview of Software Quality Management and various processes that are a part of Software Quality Management. Software Quality is a highly overused term and it may mean different things to different people. You will learn What is Software Quality Management?, What does it take to Manage Software Quality?, Quality Planning, Quality Assurance, Quality Control, Importance of Documentation and What is Defect Tracking?
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The definition of the ISO 8204 for quality:
“Totality of characteristics of an entity that bears on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs. ”
This means that the Software product delivered should be as per the requirements defined. We now examine a few more terms used in association with Software Quality.
Quality Planning:
In the Planning Process we determine the standards that are relevant for the Software Product, the Organization and the means to achieve them.
Quality Assurance:
Once the standards are defined and we start building the product. It is very important to have processes that evaluate the project performance and aim to assure that the Quality standards are being followed and the final product will be in compliance.
Quality Control:
Once the software components are built the results are monitored to determine if they comply with the standards. The data collected helps in measuring the performance trends and as needed help in identifying defective pieces of code.
What is Software Quality Management?
Software Quality Management simply stated comprises of processes that ensure that the Software Project would reach its goals. In other words the Software Project would meet the clients expectations.
The key processes of Software Quality Management fall into the following three categories:
1) Quality Planning
2) Quality Assurance
3) Quality Control
What does it take to Manage Software Quality?
The Software Quality Management comprises of Quality Planning, Quality Assurance and Quality Control Processes. We shall now take a closer look at each of them.
1) Quality Planning
Quality Planning is the most important step in Software Quality Management. Proper planning ensures that the remaining Quality processes make sense and achieve the desired results. The starting point for the Planning process is the standards followed by the Organization. This is expressed in the Quality Policy and Documentation defining the Organization-wide standards. Sometimes additional industry standards relevant to the Software Project may be referred to as needed. Using these as inputs the Standards for the specific project are decided. The Scope of the effort is also clearly defined. The inputs for the Planning are as summarized as follows:
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